U.S. to spend $2 billion on artificial intelligence weapons

به فایل شنیداری این بخش گوش کنید، سپس به سؤالات زیر پاسخ دهید.
 

True/False

پس از شنیدن متن بالا سؤالات زیر را پاسخ دهید. برای موارد صحیح T و موارد نادرست F را انتخاب کنید.

  1. The USA will spend over $2 billion on artificial intelligence for weapons.   T / F

  2. The USA has a five-year spending plan for the weapons.     T / F

  3. The article says the USA wants better weapons than Russia and China.    T / F

  4. The USA will try to do 20 years of work in just five years.     T / F

  5. The new weapons will not be able to make decisions without humans.     T / F

  6. Nobody thinks the artificial intelligence weapons will be dangerous.     T / F

  7. A.I. weapons will never be able to select targets on their own.     T / F

  8. Military commanders want to make final decisions about targets.     T / F
Answer key
1 F   2 T   3 T   4 T   5 F   6 F   7 F   8 T
 

Vocabulary

 Paragraph 1

      1. artificial a. People in charge (the leaders)  of a worker, company or organization.
      2. systems b. Made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally.
      3. bosses c. Has the quality of being believed in by people.
      4. trusted d. Agreed to a person, plan or offer.
      5. accepted e. Sets of things working together as parts of a machine or an interconnecting network.
      6. decades f. Advances or development toward a better, more complete, or more modern condition.
      7. progress g. A period of ten years.

    Paragraph 2

      8. algorithms h. A person, object, or place selected as the aim of an attack.
      9. target i. Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.
      10. innocent j. A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
      11. develop k. Not responsible for or directly involved in an event, but suffering its effects.
      12. autonomous l. Making people do things they don't want to, especially with the use or threat of violence.
      13. force m. Grow or cause to grow and become more mature and advanced.
      14. military n. About the soldiers, armies, navies, etc. of a country.
Answer key
1. b    2. e    3. a    4. c    5. d    6. g    7. f    8. j    9. h    10. k    11. m   12. i    13. l    14. n

Synonym Match

  1. up to

  2. next

  3. advanced

  4. accepted

  5. accelerate

  6. decisions

  7. lead to

  8. select

  9. deadly

  10. final

 

  1. modern

  2. lethal

  3. speed up

  4. cause

  5. upcoming

  6. choose

  7. last

  8. as much as

  9. judgment

  10. welcomed

 
Answer key
1. up to/as much as  2. next/upcoming   3. advanced/modern   4. accepted/welcomed   5.accelerate/speed up   6. decisions/judgments              7. lead to/cause   8. select/choose   9. deadly/lethal   10. final/ last

Phrase Match

بخش سمت چپ جمله را با استفاده از عبارات سمت راست کامل کنید.
  1. the most the department has
  2. the most advanced
  3. trusted and accepted
  4. make sure weapons in the future do
  5. we can accelerate two decades of
  6. act on their own
  7. computer systems and
  8. lead to innocent lives
  9. select and attack targets with
  10. The commanders want to make

 
  1. not make mistakes
  2. the final decision
  3. ever spent
  4. algorithms
  5. by military generals
  6. deadly force
  7. weapons in the world
  8. progress into five years
  9. decisions
  10. being lost

 

Gap Fill

کلمات زیر را در جاهای خالی مناسب قرار دهید.

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.
those
next
seed
most
progress
accepted
spend
mistakes

The United States Defense Department is going to (1) ____________ up to $2 billion on artificial intelligence (AI) weapons over the (2) ____________ five years. This will be the most the department has ever spent on AI systems for weapons. The department wants to have the (3) ____________ advanced weapons in the world. It wants its weapons to be better than (4) ____________ of China and Russia. Defense bosses want future weapons to be trusted and (5) ____________ by military generals and commanders. They want to make sure weapons in the future do not make (6) ____________. Department official John Everett said: "We think it's a good time to (7) ____________ the field of AI. We think we can accelerate two decades of (8) ____________ into five years."

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.
possible
means
final
innocent
military
able
target
force
 

Some of the new AI weapons may be (9) ____________ to make and act on their own decisions. This (10) ____________ computer systems and algorithms could make a decision (without any human decision-making) to attack a (11) ____________ that could kill people. Many people think this is dangerous and could lead to (12) ____________ lives being lost. The Defense Department said AI technology could, "make it (13) ____________ to develop and [use] autonomous systems that could independently select and attack targets with [deadly] (14) ____________ ". It added that weapons using AI systems can currently choose targets on their own, but (15) ____________ commanders do not want to let the weapons decide on the targets to attack. The commanders want to make the (16) ____________ decision.

 

Comprehension questions

سؤالات زیر را طبق متن بالا جواب دهید.

How long will it take the USA to spend the $2 billion?
What countries does the USA want to have better weapons than?
Who does the USA want to trust and accept its new weapons?
What do officials not want the new weapons to do?
How many years of work do officials want to put into five years?
What allows the weapons to make decisions besides computer systems?
What do many people think could be lost because of the new weapons?
What kind of force could the new weapons attack targets with?
What can AI systems currently choose on their own?
What do commanders want to make regarding attacking targets?
 

Answer keys

1. Five years   2. China and Russia   3. military generals and commanders  4. Make mistakes   5. Two decades   6. Algorithms   7. Innocent lives   8. Deadly Force   9. Targets   10. The final decision

Multiple choice quiz

پاسخ صحیح را انتخاب کنید.

1) How long will it take the USA to spend the $2 billion?
a) two decades
b) no time at all
c) five years
d) a year


2) What countries does the USA want to have better weapons than?
a) China and Russia
b) Russia and North Korea
c) North Korea and China
d) Mexico and Canada


3) Who does the USA want to trust and accept its new weapons?
a) the people
b) military generals
c) its enemies
d) its soldiers


4) What do officials not want the new weapons to do?
a) cost too much
b) go into space
c) explode
d) make mistakes


5) How many years of work do officials want to put into five years?
a) 25
b) 15
c) 20
d) 10

6) What allows the weapons to make decisions besides computer systems?
a) silicon
b) algorithms
c) chips
d) professors


7) What do many people think could be lost because of the new weapons?
a) jobs
b) money
c) borders
d) innocent lives


8) What kind of force could the new weapons attack targets with?
a) a massive force
b) deadly force
c) brute force
d) a space force


9) What can AI systems currently choose on their own?
a) zeroes and ones
b) targets
c) numbers
d) colours


10) What do commanders want to make regarding attacking targets?
a) the final decision
b) maps
c) proof
d) money

 

Answer key

1. c    2. a    3. b    4. d    5. c    6. b    7. d    8. b    9. b    10. a

 

Cloze (Gap fill)

The United States Defense Department is going to spend (1) ____ to $2 billion on artificial intelligence (AI) weapons over the next five years. This will be the most the department has (2) ____ spent on AI systems for weapons. The department wants to have the most advanced weapons (3) ____ the world. It wants its weapons to be better than those of China and Russia. Defense bosses want future weapons to (4) ____ trusted and accepted by military generals and commanders. They want to make sure weapons in the future do not (5) ____ mistakes. Department official John Everett said: "We think it's a good time to seed the field of AI. We think we can accelerate two decades of progress (6) ____ five years."

Some of the new AI weapons may be able to make and (7) ____ on their own decisions. This means computer systems and algorithms could make a decision (without (8) ____ human decision-making) to attack a target that could kill people. Many people think this is dangerous and could lead to innocent lives (9) ____ lost. The Defense Department said AI technology could, "make it possible to develop and [use] autonomous systems that could (10) ____ select and attack targets with [deadly] force". It added that weapons using AI systems can (11) ____ choose targets on their own, but military commanders do not want to (12) ____ the weapons decide on the targets to attack. The commanders want to make the final decision.

Which of these words go in the above text?

  1. (a)     up     (b)     along     (c)     down     (d)     of    
  2. (a)     never     (b)     even     (c)     ever     (d)     every    
  3. (a)     to     (b)     of     (c)     in     (d)     on    
  4. (a)     bean     (b)     being     (c)     been     (d)     be    
  5. (a)     make     (b)     get     (c)     do     (d)     take    
  6. (a)     unto     (b)     into     (c)     as to     (d)     onto     
  7. (a)     tact     (b)     fact     (c)     pact     (d)     act    
  8. (a)     many     (b)     any     (c)     all     (d)     few    
  9. (a)     be     (b)     been     (c)     being     (d)     bean    
  10. (a)     independence     (b)     independently     (c)     independent     (d)     independents    
  11. (a)     currant     (b)     currency     (c)     current     (d)     currently    
  12. (a)     lot     (b)     let     (c)     late     (d)     latter
 

Insert vowels (a, e, i, o, u)

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